What is translation in biology simple?
Listen to pronunciation. (trans-LAY-shun) In biology, the process by which a cell makes proteins using the genetic information carried in messenger RNA (mRNA). The mRNA is made by copying DNA, and the information it carries tells the cell how to link amino acids together to form proteins.
What happens during the process of translation quizlet?
What occurs during the process of translation? During translation the cell uses information from the mRNA to produce proteins. The ribosome releases the newly formed polypeptide and the mRNA molecule.
What is translation in molecular biology?
Translation is the process by which a protein is synthesized from the information contained in a molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA). Translation occurs in a structure called the ribosome, which is a factory for the synthesis of proteins.
What are the major steps of translation?
Translation of an mRNA molecule occurs in three stages: initiation, elongation, and termination.
What is translation in biology and why is it important?
The process of translation can be seen as the decoding of instructions for making proteins, involving mRNA in transcription as well as tRNA. The genes in DNA encode protein molecules, which are the “workhorses” of the cell, carrying out all the functions necessary for life.
What are the steps of the initiation of translation?
The first step in translation, initiation, begins when an mRNA binds to a free light ribosomal subunit. A transfer RNA molecule then brings the first amino acid to the light subunit of the ribosome. Other protein factors join this assemblage and then the heavy ribosomal subunit binds to complete initiation.
What are the 6 steps of translation?
Translation is executed in six steps: (i) binding of mRNA to ribosome, (ii) aminoacylation, (iii) initiation, (iv) elongation, (v) termination and (vi) post-translational modification, (i) Binding of mRNA to ribosome. I. binding of mRNA to ribosome.
What are the steps of translation in biology?
Phases of translation. Some people claim that there are four phases of translation: initiation, elongation, translocation, and termination. However, most scientists believe that there are only three steps of translation in biology. The same notions are used in the process of transcription for describing the process of making the mRNA string.
What is the end result of translation?
the end result of translation is the formation of a new polypeptide chain.