What is found in the dural sinuses?
The dural venous sinuses are spaces between the endosteal and meningeal layers of the dura. They contain venous blood that originates for the most part from the brain or cranial cavity. The sinuses contain an endothelial lining that is continuous into the veins that are connected to them.
How do you remember the cavernous sinuses?
The cavernous sinus contents (structures within the sinus proper and also in its lateral wall) and their relative positions can be recalled with the following mnemonic: O TOM CAT.
How many dural venous sinuses are there?
Unlike most veins of the body, the dural venous sinuses do not have valves. There are eleven venous sinuses in total. The straight, superior, and inferior sagittal sinuses are found in the falx cerebri of the dura mater. They converge at the confluence of sinuses (overlying the internal occipital protuberance).
What causes blood clots in the sinuses?
A blood clot can develop when an infection in the face or skull spreads to the cavernous sinuses. The blood clot develops to prevent the infection spreading further, but it can restrict the blood flow from the brain, which can damage the brain, eyes and nerves running between them.
What is sinus problem?
Sinusitis is an inflammation of the sinuses that can cause them to get blocked and filled with fluid. It is usually caused by cold or allergies. An infection could result from the blockage.
What are cranial dural venous sinuses?
The dural venous sinuses (also called dural sinuses, cerebral sinuses, or cranial sinuses) are venous channels found between the endosteal and meningeal layers of dura mater in the brain.
What runs in the cavernous sinus?
The nerves of the cavernous sinus are the oculomotor nerve (CN III), trochlear nerve (CN IV), ophthalmic nerve (V1), maxillary nerve (V2), abducens nerve (CN VI), and the sympathetic plexus around the internal carotid artery. After exiting the cavernous sinus, it goes through the superior orbital fossa.
How are dural sinuses formed?
Development of the dural venous sinuses is mainly related to the development of the meningeal layers of the brain, specifically the dura mater. Major dural venous sinuses, such as the superior petrosal sinus, derive from pro-otic veins, while cavernous sinus originated from the vena capitis medialis.
Where are dural venous sinuses?
Dural venous sinuses are venous channels located intracranially between the two layers of the dura mater (endosteal layer and meningeal layer) and can be conceptualised as trapped epidural veins. Unlike other veins in the body, they run alone and not parallel to arteries.