What does internuclear ophthalmoplegia mean?

Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) is a disorder of eye movements caused by a lesion in an area of the brain called the medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF). The most common causes of INO are multiple sclerosis and brainstem infarction.

What is INO multiple sclerosis?

Answer. INO is a disconnection syndrome characterized by impaired horizontal gaze. Affected individuals have slowed or limited adduction in the eye ipsilateral to the lesion, with associated abducting nystagmus in the contralateral eye. Unilateral or bilateral INO(s) are caused by damage to the MLFs.

What is INO in ophthalmology?

Internuclear ophthalmoparesis (INO), also commonly referred to as internuclear ophthalmoplegia, is a specific gaze abnormality characterized by impaired horizontal eye movements with weak and slow adduction of the affected eye, and abduction nystagmus of the contralateral eye.

Where is the lesion in internuclear ophthalmoplegia?

Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) is a disorder of horizontal ocular movement due to a lesion in the brain stem (usually in the pons, specifically along the medial longitudinal fasciculus between the VI and III nuclei).

How do you say internuclear ophthalmoplegia?

Phonetic spelling of internuclear ophthalmoplegia

  1. in-ter-nu-clear oph-thal-mo-ple-gia.
  2. in-ter-nuclear oph-thal-mo-ple-gia. Vivienne Macejkovic.
  3. internuclear ophthalmoplegia. Tiana Feil.

How do you name internuclear ophthalmoplegia?

Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) is an ocular movement disorder that presents as inability to perform conjugate lateral gaze and ophthalmoplegia due to damage to the interneuron between two nuclei of cranial nerves (CN) VI and CN III (internuclear). This interneuron is called the medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF).

How is internuclear ophthalmoplegia treated?

The majority of patients with persistent internuclear ophthalmoplegia have minimal symptoms. Those with diplopia may benefit from botulinum toxin injections or Fresnel prisms. Surgical correction of strabismus may be used for patients with wall-eyed bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia.

What is bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia?

Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) is an eye movement disorder caused by a lesion in the medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) located in the midbrain. Adduction paralysis of both eyes and bilateral abduction nystagmus are the main features of INO.

How do you test for internuclear ophthalmoplegia?

Your doctor will ask you to focus on their nose, and then rapidly shift your gaze to a finger held out to the side. If the eye overshoots when turning to the side, it’s a sign of INO. You may also be tested for back-and-forth motion of the abducting eye (nystagmus).

Why does internuclear ophthalmoplegia have normal convergence?

If a lesion in the MLF blocks signals from the horizontal gaze center to the 3rd cranial nerve, the eye on the affected side cannot adduct (or adducts weakly) past the midline. The affected eye adducts normally in convergence because convergence does not require signals from the horizontal gaze center.

What is the medical term for right internuclear ophthalmoplegia?

Internuclear ophthalmoplegia. Schematic demonstrating right internuclear ophthalmoplegia, caused by injury of the right medial longitudinal fasciculus. Internuclear ophthalmoplegia ( INO) is a disorder of conjugate lateral gaze in which the affected eye shows impairment of adduction. When an attempt is made to gaze contralaterally (relative to

Can a person with internuclear ophthalmoplegia move both eyes?

Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) is the inability to move both your eyes together when looking to the side. It can affect only one eye, or both eyes. When looking to the left, your right eye will not turn as far as it should.

How is internuclear ophthalmoplegia related to MLF damage?

Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) is a deficit in the control of conjugate eye movements, which results from damage to the medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF).

What causes eye movement in the internuclear area?

Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) is a disorder of eye movements caused by a lesion in an area of the brain called the medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF). The most common causes of INO are multiple sclerosis and brainstem infarction. Other causes include head trauma, brainstem and fourth ventricu …